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COMMAND

sample -- Sample the musical texture with the given rhythmic cycle.

sample [options] [input] [> output]

Sample will extract notes from the original musical texture according to the given rhythmic cycle. By default the rhythmic cycle specified with the -r option is "4" which is equivalent to extracting the sounding notes occuring on the beats in a meter such as 4/4 or 3/4.

Here is a Bach chorale used as an example input to the sample program in the following examples.

**kern **kern **kern **kern *k[f#] *k[f#] *k[f#] *k[f#] *M3/4 *M3/4 *M3/4 *M3/4 4GG 4B 4d 4g =1 =1 =1 =1 4G 4B 4d 2g 4E 8c 4e . . 8B . . 4F# 4A 4d 4dd =2 =2 =2 =2 4G 4G 2d 4.b 4D 4F# . . . . . 8a 4E 4G 4B 4g =3 =3 =3 =3 4C 8c 8e 4.g . 8B 8d . 8BB 4c 8e . 8AA . 8f# 8a 4GG 4d 4g 4b =4 =4 =4 =4 2D; 2d; 2f#; 2a; 4GG 4d 4g 4b =5 =5 =5 =5 4FF# 4A 4d 2dd 4GG 4B 4e . 4AA 4c 4f# 4cc =6 =6 =6 =6 4BB 4d 2g 4b 4C 4e . 2a 4D 8d 4f# . . 8c . . =7 =7 =7 =7 2GG; 2B; 2d; 2g; 4GG 4d [4g 4b =8 =8 =8 =8 4GG 4d 8g] 4b . . 8f# . 4AA 4c 8e 4cc . . 8f# . 4BB 8B [4g 4dd . 8A . . =9 =9 =9 =9 4.BB 8B 8g] 4.dd . 8c 8a . . 4d 8g . 8AA . 8f# 8cc 4GG 4d 4g 4b =10 =10 =10 =10 2D; 2d; 2f#; 2a; [4E 4B 4e 4g =11 =11 =11 =11 4E] 4G 4e 2b 4D 4B 8f# . . . 8g . 4C 4e 4a 4cc =12 =12 =12 =12 4.BB 2d 4a 2dd . . 4.g . 8C . . . 4D 4d . 4cc . . 8f# . =13 =13 =13 =13 8GG 2.d 2g 2.b 8AA . . . 4BB . . . 4GG . 4f . =14 =14 =14 =14 2C; 2c; 2e; 2g; 4GG 4d 4g 4b =15 =15 =15 =15 4FF# 8d 4.a 2dd . 8c . . 4GG 4B . . . . 8g . 4AA 4c 4f# 4cc =16 =16 =16 =16 4BB 2d 2g 2b 4GG . . . 4D 8d [4f# 4a . 8c . . =17 =17 =17 =17 8E 4B 8f#] 4.g 8D . 8e . 8C 4c 8e . 8BB . 8f# 8a 8AA 4d 4g 4b 8GG . . . =18 =18 =18 =18 2D; 2d; 2f#; 2a; [4G 4d 4g 4b =19 =19 =19 =19 4G] 2d 2a 2dd 4F# . . . [4E 4e 8g 4cc . . 8f# . =20 =20 =20 =20 8E] 2e 2g 4b 8D . . . 4C . . 2a 4D 8d 4f# . . 8c . . =21 =21 =21 =21 2GG; 2B; 2d; 2g; == == == == *- *- *- *- Here is the same chorale music, with notes sampled every quarter notes, with notes occuring off of the beat being remove: sample file.krn
**kern **kern **kern **kern *k[f#] *k[f#] *k[f#] *k[f#] *M3/4 *M3/4 *M3/4 *M3/4 4GG 4B 4d 4g =1 =1 =1 =1 4G 4B 4d 4g 4E 4c 4e 4g 4F# 4A 4d 4dd =2 =2 =2 =2 4G 4G 4d 4b 4D 4F# 4d 4b 4E 4G 4B 4g =3 =3 =3 =3 4C 4c 4e 4g 4BB 4c 4e 4g 4GG 4d 4g 4b =4 =4 =4 =4 4D 4d 4f# 4a 4D 4d 4f# 4a 4GG 4d 4g 4b =5 =5 =5 =5 4FF# 4A 4d 4dd 4GG 4B 4e 4dd 4AA 4c 4f# 4cc =6 =6 =6 =6 4BB 4d 4g 4b 4C 4e 4g 4a 4D 4d 4f# 4a =7 =7 =7 =7 4GG 4B 4d 4g 4GG 4B 4d 4g =:|! =:|! =:|! =:|! *>B *>B *>B *>B 4GG 4d 4g 4b =8 =8 =8 =8 4GG 4d 4g 4b 4AA 4c 4e 4cc 4BB 4B 4g 4dd =9 =9 =9 =9 4BB 4B 4g 4dd 4BB 4d 4g 4dd 4GG 4d 4g 4b =10 =10 =10 =10 4D 4d 4f# 4a 4D 4d 4f# 4a 4E 4B 4e 4g =11 =11 =11 =11 4E 4G 4e 4b 4D 4B 4f# 4b 4C 4e 4a 4cc =12 =12 =12 =12 4BB 4d 4a 4dd 4BB 4d 4g 4dd 4D 4d 4g 4cc =13 =13 =13 =13 4GG 4d 4g 4b 4BB 4d 4g 4b 4GG 4d 4f 4b =14 =14 =14 =14 4C 4c 4e 4g 4C 4c 4e 4g 4GG 4d 4g 4b =15 =15 =15 =15 4FF# 4d 4a 4dd 4GG 4B 4a 4dd 4AA 4c 4f# 4cc =16 =16 =16 =16 4BB 4d 4g 4b 4GG 4d 4g 4b 4D 4d 4f# 4a =17 =17 =17 =17 4E 4B 4f# 4g 4C 4c 4e 4g 4AA 4d 4g 4b =18 =18 =18 =18 4D 4d 4f# 4a 4D 4d 4f# 4a 4G 4d 4g 4b =19 =19 =19 =19 4G 4d 4a 4dd 4F# 4d 4a 4dd 4E 4e 4g 4cc =20 =20 =20 =20 4E 4e 4g 4b 4C 4e 4g 4a 4D 4d 4f# 4a =21 =21 =21 =21 4GG 4B 4d 4g 4GG 4B 4d 4g == == == == *- *- *- *-

Sampling the musical texture at the eighth-note level:

sample -r 8 file.krn
**kern **kern **kern **kern *k[f#] *k[f#] *k[f#] *k[f#] *M3/4 *M3/4 *M3/4 *M3/4 8GG 8B 8d 8g 8GG 8B 8d 8g =1 =1 =1 =1 8G 8B 8d 8g 8G 8B 8d 8g 8E 8c 8e 8g 8E 8B 8e 8g 8F# 8A 8d 8dd 8F# 8A 8d 8dd =2 =2 =2 =2 8G 8G 8d 8b 8G 8G 8d 8b 8D 8F# 8d 8b 8D 8F# 8d 8a 8E 8G 8B 8g 8E 8G 8B 8g =3 =3 =3 =3 8C 8c 8e 8g 8C 8B 8d 8g 8BB 8c 8e 8g 8AA 8c 8f# 8a 8GG 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8g 8b =4 =4 =4 =4 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8GG 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8g 8b =5 =5 =5 =5 8FF# 8A 8d 8dd 8FF# 8A 8d 8dd 8GG 8B 8e 8dd 8GG 8B 8e 8dd 8AA 8c 8f# 8cc 8AA 8c 8f# 8cc =6 =6 =6 =6 8BB 8d 8g 8b 8BB 8d 8g 8b 8C 8e 8g 8a 8C 8e 8g 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8c 8f# 8a =7 =7 =7 =7 8GG 8B 8d 8g 8GG 8B 8d 8g 8GG 8B 8d 8g 8GG 8B 8d 8g 8GG 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8g 8b =8 =8 =8 =8 8GG 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8f# 8b 8AA 8c 8e 8cc 8AA 8c 8f# 8cc 8BB 8B 8g 8dd 8BB 8A 8g 8dd =9 =9 =9 =9 8BB 8B 8g 8dd 8BB 8c 8a 8dd 8BB 8d 8g 8dd 8AA 8d 8f# 8cc 8GG 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8g 8b =10 =10 =10 =10 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8E 8B 8e 8g 8E 8B 8e 8g =11 =11 =11 =11 8E 8G 8e 8b 8E 8G 8e 8b 8D 8B 8f# 8b 8D 8B 8g 8b 8C 8e 8a 8cc 8C 8e 8a 8cc =12 =12 =12 =12 8BB 8d 8a 8dd 8BB 8d 8a 8dd 8BB 8d 8g 8dd 8C 8d 8g 8dd 8D 8d 8g 8cc 8D 8d 8f# 8cc =13 =13 =13 =13 8GG 8d 8g 8b 8AA 8d 8g 8b 8BB 8d 8g 8b 8BB 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8f 8b 8GG 8d 8f 8b =14 =14 =14 =14 8C 8c 8e 8g 8C 8c 8e 8g 8C 8c 8e 8g 8C 8c 8e 8g 8GG 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8g 8b =15 =15 =15 =15 8FF# 8d 8a 8dd 8FF# 8c 8a 8dd 8GG 8B 8a 8dd 8GG 8B 8g 8dd 8AA 8c 8f# 8cc 8AA 8c 8f# 8cc =16 =16 =16 =16 8BB 8d 8g 8b 8BB 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8g 8b 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8c 8f# 8a =17 =17 =17 =17 8E 8B 8f# 8g 8D 8B 8e 8g 8C 8c 8e 8g 8BB 8c 8f# 8a 8AA 8d 8g 8b 8GG 8d 8g 8b =18 =18 =18 =18 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8G 8d 8g 8b 8G 8d 8g 8b =19 =19 =19 =19 8G 8d 8a 8dd 8G 8d 8a 8dd 8F# 8d 8a 8dd 8F# 8d 8a 8dd 8E 8e 8g 8cc 8E 8e 8f# 8cc =20 =20 =20 =20 8E 8e 8g 8b 8D 8e 8g 8b 8C 8e 8g 8a 8C 8e 8g 8a 8D 8d 8f# 8a 8D 8c 8f# 8a =21 =21 =21 =21 8GG 8B 8d 8g 8GG 8B 8d 8g 8GG 8B 8d 8g 8GG 8B 8d 8g == == == == *- *- *- *-

A more complex rhythmic cycle for sampling:

sample -r "4 2 8. 16" file.krn
**kern **kern **kern **kern *k[f#] *k[f#] *k[f#] *k[f#] *M3/4 *M3/4 *M3/4 *M3/4 4GG 4B 4d 4g =1 =1 =1 =1 2E 2c 2e 2g 8.E 8.B 8.e 8.g 16F# 16A 16d 16dd =2 =2 =2 =2 4G 4G 4d 4b 2E 2G 2B 2g 8.E 8.G 8.B 8.g =3 =3 =3 =3 16C 16c 16e 16g 4BB 4c 4e 4g =4 =4 =4 =4 2D 2d 2f# 2a 8.D 8.d 8.f# 8.a 16D 16d 16f# 16a 4GG 4d 4g 4b =5 =5 =5 =5 2GG 2B 2e 2dd 8.GG 8.B 8.e 8.dd 16AA 16c 16f# 16cc =6 =6 =6 =6 4BB 4d 4g 4b 2D 2d 2f# 2a 8.D 8.c 8.f# 8.a =7 =7 =7 =7 16GG 16B 16d 16g 4GG 4B 4d 4g =8 =8 =8 =8 2GG 2d 2g 2b 8.GG 8.d 8.f# 8.b 16AA 16c 16e 16cc 4BB 4B 4g 4dd =9 =9 =9 =9 2BB 2d 2g 2dd 8.AA 8.d 8.f# 8.cc 16GG 16d 16g 16b =10 =10 =10 =10 4D 4d 4f# 4a 2E 2B 2e 2g 8.E 8.B 8.e 8.g =11 =11 =11 =11 16E 16G 16e 16b 4D 4B 4f# 4b =12 =12 =12 =12 2BB 2d 2a 2dd 8.BB 8.d 8.a 8.dd 16BB 16d 16g 16dd 4D 4d 4g 4cc =13 =13 =13 =13 2BB 2d 2g 2b 8.BB 8.d 8.g 8.b 16GG 16d 16f 16b =14 =14 =14 =14 4C 4c 4e 4g 2GG 2d 2g 2b 8.GG 8.d 8.g 8.b =15 =15 =15 =15 16FF# 16d 16a 16dd 4GG 4B 4a 4dd =16 =16 =16 =16 2BB 2d 2g 2b 8.BB 8.d 8.g 8.b 16GG 16d 16g 16b 4D 4d 4f# 4a =17 =17 =17 =17 2C 2c 2e 2g 8.BB 8.c 8.f# 8.a 16AA 16d 16g 16b =18 =18 =18 =18 4D 4d 4f# 4a 2G 2d 2g 2b 8.G 8.d 8.g 8.b =19 =19 =19 =19 16G 16d 16a 16dd 4F# 4d 4a 4dd =20 =20 =20 =20 2E 2e 2g 2b 8.D 8.e 8.g 8.b 16C 16e 16g 16a 4D 4d 4f# 4a =21 =21 =21 =21 2GG 2B 2d 2g 8.GG 8.B 8.d 8.g == == == == *- *- *- *-

Example usages of the sample program are available on the sample examples page.

Input arguments or piped data which are expected to be Humdrum files can also be web addresses. For example, if a program can process files like this:

       program file.krn

It can also read the data over the web:

       program http://www.some-computer.com/some-directory/file.krn

Piped data works in a somewhat similar manner:

       cat file.krn | program

is equivalent to a web file using ths form:

       echo http://www.some-computer.com/some-directory/file.krn | program

Besides the http:// protocol, there is another special resource indicator prefix called humdrum:// which downloads data from the kernscores website. For example, using the URI humdrum://brandenburg/bwv1046a.krn:

      program humdrum://brandenburg/bwv1046a.krn

will download the URL:

http://kern.humdrum.org/cgi-bin/ksdata?file=bwv1046a.krn&l=/brandenburg&format=kern
Which is found in the Musedata Bach Brandenburg Concerto collection.

This online-access of Humdrum data can also interface with the classical Humdrum Toolkit commands by using humcat to download the data from the kernscores website. For example, try the command pipeline:

      humcat humdrum://brandenburg/bwv1046a.krn | census -k

Not very sophisticated at the moment. In the future, allow for merging of adjacent textures which derive from the same note in the original texture. Deal with cycles which do not fit the meter.

The compiled sample program can be downloaded for the following platforms:
• Linux (i386 processors) (dynamically linked) compiled on 28 Jun 2012.
• Windows compiled on 29 Jun 2012.
• Mac OS X/i386 compiled on 13 Nov 2013.

The source code for the program was last modified on 5 Dec 2000. Click here to go to the full source-code download page.